| Description: |
Soyasaponins(Aa, Ab, Af, Ba, Bb, and Bb') together with their derivatives may represent viable candidates for effective vaccine adjuvants due to their higher and lower or non-haemolytic effects.Soyasaponins Ab and Bb prevent scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice without the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. |
| In vitro: |
| J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem . 2019 Dec;34(1):350-360. | | Soyasaponins from Zolfino bean as aldose reductase differential inhibitors[Pubmed: 30734590] | | Abstract
Seven triterpenoid saponins were identified in methanolic extracts of seeds of the Zolfino bean landrace (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) by HPLC fractionation, revealing their ability to inhibit highly purified human recombinant aldose reductase (hAKR1B1). Six of these compounds were associated by MS analysis with the following saponins already reported in different Phaseolus vulgaris varieties: Soyasaponin Ba (V), soyasaponin Bb, soyasaponin Bd (sandosaponin A), soyasaponin αg, 3-O-[R-l-rhamnopyranosyl(1 → 2)-α-d-glucopyranosyl(1 → 2)-α-d-glucuronopyranosyl]olean-12-en-22-oxo-3α,-24-diol, and soyasaponin βg. The inhibitory activity of the collected fractions containing the above compounds was tested for hAKR1B1-dependent reduction of both l-idose and 4-hydroxynonenal, revealing that some are able to differentially inhibit the enzyme. The present work also highlights the difficulties in the search for aldose reductase differential inhibitors (ARDIs) in mixtures due to the masking effect on ARDIs exerted by the presence of conventional aldose reductase inhibitors. The possibility of differential inhibition generated by a different inhibitory model of action of molecules on different substrates undergoing transformation is also discussed.
Keywords: Saponins; Zolfino bean; aldose reductase; differential inhibitors. |
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| In vivo: |
| J.Agr.Food Chem., 2014, 62(9):2062-8. | | Soyasaponins Ab and Bb prevent scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice without the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase.[Pubmed: 24450802 ] | Soy (Glycine max, family Leguminosae), which contains isoflavones and saponins as main constituents, is known to exhibit memory-enhancing effects.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Therefore, to investigate the role of soyasaponins in memory impairments, we isolated soyasaponin Ab (SA) and soyasaponin Bb (SB) from soybean and measured their protective effects against scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice. SA and SB significantly prevented scopolamine-induced memory impairment in passive avoidance and Y-maze tasks. Compared to SA, SB rescued memory impairment more potently. Treatment with SB (10 mg/kg, p.o.) protected memory impairment in passive avoidance and Y-maze tasks to 97% (F = 68.10, P < 0.05) and 78% (F = 35.57, P < 0.05) of untreated normal control level, respectively. SA and SB (10 mg/kg) also rescued scopolamine-induced memory impairment in Morris water maze task (F = 14.51, P < 0.05). In addition, soyasaponins preserved brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BNDF) expression (F = 33.69, P < 0.05) and cAMP response element-binding (CREB) protein phosphorylation (F = 91.62, P < 0.05) in the hippocampus of scopolamine-treated mice. However, SA and SB did not inhibit acetylcholinesterase in vitro and ex vivo.
CONCLUSIONS:
On the basis of these findings, we suggest that soybean, particularly soyasaponins, may protect memory impairment by increasing BDNF expression and CREB phosphorylation. |
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